Say US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) so angiproponin mangisebel ed ngalngalin amin ya pangusar na dichloromethane, ya tatawagen met ya dichloromethane, sakey a kaslakan ya uusaren ya solvent tan katulongan ed panagproseso. Say iproproponin pananebel et walaan na baleg ya epekto ed dakel ya industriya, ya walaan na manlapud 100 anggad 250 milyon a pound na kemikal ya nagawa odino na-import nen 2019. Saray pigaran nakekeraan ya usar, kaiba lay pangusar bilang reagent parad produksyon na HFC-32, et walaan na mas malet iran panameget nen saray kaplesan ya estandarte na OSHA.
In-anunsyo na EPA so iproproponin pananebel tan panameget diad iproproponin totontonen ya in-post nen Mayo 3, 2023, 83 Fed. rehistro. 28284. Sayan proposal et mangisebel ed amin ya pangusar na dichloromethane na saray manbabakal. Antokaman ya industrial tan komersyal ya pangusar na dichloromethane, kaiba lay heat transfer fluid odino arum nin tulong ed proseso, tan maslak ya pangusar bilang solvent, et sebel met, likud ed samploran espisipikon usar, duara ed saratan et espisyal a tuloy. Saray sebel tan ag-inlaktip ya usaren et akalista ed sampot na sayan pasakbay. Saray makabkabaliksan ya balon totontonen ed pangusar ed arapen et nayarin mangokobre ed saray pangusar ya ag-inlaktip ed anggan dinan ed saray listaan.
Say samploran usar ya ag sakop na pananebel so pansengegan na pankaukolan ya mangipatupad na Workplace Chemical Protection Plan (WCPP) base ed estandarte na OSHA parad methylene chloride, balet ta walaan na walan limitasyon na pakawalaan na kemikal ya 92% ya abeba nen say iyaabuloy na OSHA.
Saray interesadon partido et walaan na panaon anggad Hulyo 3, 2023 pian makapangiter na komento ed iproproponin totontonen. Say EPA et kinmerew na komento ed 44 ya tema, kaiba lay no kasin say kakaukolanen na WCPP et nepeg ya onsalat ed espisipikon pananebel ed pangusar tan no kasin posible so maples ya eskedyul na pananebel. Kinerew met na EPA so komento no kasin saray sebel ya usaren et kualipikado bilang kritikal odino importantin usaren, lapud anggapo lay mas maligen ya alternatibo.
Sayan proposal so kumadwan proponin EPA parad samploran manunan kemikal ya kaukolan ya usisaen so peligro unong ed Section 6 na Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). Unona, saya so sakey a proposal ya isebel so amin ya arum nin pangusar ed chrysotile. Say komatlon totontonen et nipaakar ed perchlorethylene, ya aaralen na Office of Management and Budget (OMB) manlapu nen Pebrero 23, 2023. Nen Marso 20, 2023, say draft ya pinal a totontonen parad chrysotile (nengnengen so pasakbay mi) et aaralen na OMB.
Diad sakey a risk assessment nen Hunyo 2020 et aromog so ag manepeg iran peligro ed amin nilikud ed anemiran kondisyon ya inusar so methylene chloride. Amin na anem so wala la natan ed listaan ​​na saray iproproponin termino na pangusar ya unong ed saray kakaukolanen na WCPP. Say Nobyembre 2022 ya inuman ya kabaliksan na peligro et angipatnag ya say dichloromethane et kaslakan ya mangiiter na agmakatunongan a peligro, ya sakey labat a kondisyon na pangusar (komersyal ya panagbunog) ya ag makaapekto ed kabaliksan. Say iproproponin pananebel et mangilaktip ed komersyal ya panagbunog parad saray sebel ya usaren, balet aliwan parad saray usaren ya ontutumbok ed WCPP. Lapud aromog ya say dichloromethane et walaan na agmakatunongan a peligro, say Section 6(a) na TSCA so mankaukolan natan ed EPA ya mangagamil na saray totontonen ed panangasikaso ed peligro parad kemikal anggad nakaukolan pian agla itan mangiiter na ontan a peligro.
Say EPA et datin angisebel ed saray manbabakal ya mangusar na methylene chloride pian naekal so pintura tan saray coating, 40 CFR § 751.105. Say EPA et manproproponin kaplesan ya isebel so amin ya uusaren na saray manbabakal ya ag sakop na section 751.105, kaiba lay panaggawa, panagproseso, tan komersyal ya panagbunog na methylene chloride tan saray produkton walay methylene chloride parad sarayan gagala.
Niarum ni, iproproponin EPA ya isebel so amin ya industrial tan komersyal ya pangusar na dichloromethane ya ag-ontutumbok ed saray kakaukolanen na WCPP, kaiba lay panaggawa, panagproseso, komersyal ya panagbunog, tan pangusar ed silong na sarayan kondisyon na pangusar.
Say sampot na sayan pasakbay et mangilista na 45 ya kondisyon na industriya, komersyo, tan konsumidor ya iproproponin isebel. Sayan listaan ​​et inala ed 2020 Risk Assessment. Niarum ni, say EPA et manplaplanon mangadapta na Significant New Use Regulation (SNUR) ya onaplika ed antokaman ya dichloromethane odino saray produkton walay dichloromethane ya ag kaiba ed risk assessment. Say agenda na regulasyon ya nipalapag nen Enero et mangiproproyekto na iproproponin SNUR nen Abril 2023 (say EPA et agla akasabi ed satan a petsa) tan say pinal ya SNUR nen Marso 2024.
Inkalkula na EPA ya sayan pananebel et mankantidad na manga kakatlo na dagup na tinaon ya produksyon na methylene chloride odino saray importasyon parad TSCA tan arum niran usar.
[T]ay iproproponin totontonen et ag-onaplika ed antokaman a substansia ya ag-inlaktip ed kabaliksan na “kemikal” unong ed Section 3(2)(B)(ii)-(vi) na TSCA. Kaiba ed sarayan ag-inlaktip, balet aliwan limitado ed... antokaman a naakan, suplemento ed panangan, tambal, kosmetiko, odino kagawaan, unong ed kabaliksan na Section 201 na Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, no ginawa, iproseso, odino ibunog parad komersyal iran gagala. . parad pangusar ed saray kakanen, suplemento ed panangan, tambal, kosmetiko odino kagawaan...
Nipaakar ed saray adhesive ed panaggawa na saray baterya ya parad medikal ya usar, unong ed kabaliksan na seksion 201(h) na Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, saramay nibaga ya usar ya kualipikado bilang “saray kagawaan” no “ginawa, inproseso, odino inbunog parad pangusar bilang sakey a kagawaan” et naekal ed kabaliksan na “chemical” tan no ag-itan magmaliw a sakop na regulasyon lalon inmaligwas.
Say pangusar na dichloromethane bilang sakey a likido ed sakey a sarado a sistema ed sakey a proseso na panagtambal et mankaukolan na pangusar ed satan bilang sakey a solvent ed panag-ekstrak ed panaglinis na tambal, tan [EPA] so nankonklusyon ya sayan pangusar et onloob ed silong na saray eksepsion ed saray kabaliksan ed tagey, tan aliwan “kemikal” unong ed TSCA.
Pananebel ed saray insentibo ya mangisebel ed pangisimpen na methylene chloride tan saray produkton walay methylene chloride. Say EPA et onkekerew na komento no kasin nakaukolan so kaaruman a panaon, alimbawa, pian nalinisan iray dalan na panagbunog na saray bawal a produkto. Lapud say kerew na komento natan, nayarin agla tanton labay na EPA ya ikonsidera iray kerew na extension diad saginonor.
Unong ed ipapanengneng na 45 ya Prohibited Use Conditions, say methylene chloride et uusaren ed dakel ya industriya, kaiba lay bilang solvent tan bilang katulongan ed panagproseso. Lapud saya, say proposal, no nasumpal, et mangapekta ed dakel ya industriya. Say 2020 Risk Assessment et mangipapabitar na pigaran lawak na aplikasyon:
Say dichloromethane et walaan na nanduruman uusaren, kaiba lay sealant, produkto na luluganan, tan panag-ekal na pinta tan coating. Say dichloromethane et kabkabat bilang process solvent ed saray paint thinners tan diad saray aplikasyon ed parmasyutiko tan film coating. Uusaren iya bilang blowing agent parad polyurethane tan diad panaggawa na hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants a singa say HFC-32. Naromog met iya ed saray aerosol propellants tan solvents ya uusaren ed panaggawa na electronics, panaglinis tan panag-degrease na metal, tan panag-finishing na muebles.
Say posibilidad ya isebel so maslak ya pangusar na methylene chloride et mamapawala na saray tepet nipaakar ed saray alternatibo. Ikonsidera na EPA iyan isyu no man-eebalwar na saray alternatibo, ya adeskribe ed preamble a singa onggendan:
Pian naamtaan so kondisyon na pangusar ed saray produkto ya walaan na methylene chloride natan, say EPA et angibiig na nilasus ya naala ed tindaan ya aliwan methylene chloride ya alternatibo tan, anggad posible, inlista to so nikadkaduman kemikal a komposisyon odino ingredients da diad Alternatives Assessment. .
Say EPA et akabirbir na 65 ya alternatibon produkto ed kategorya na paint tan coating remover, ya say panag-finiture na muebles et sakey a subkategorya (ref. 48). Unong ed naimano ed economic analysis, bangta aliwan amin na sarayan alternatibon produkto et nayarin matukoy parad espisipikon gagala na pigaran aplikasyon ed panagpaalagey na muebles, saray mekanikal odino thermal a paraan et nayarin aliwan kemikal ya alternatibo ed pangusar na saray produkton walaan na methylene chloride parad pangekal na pintura tan coating. … …Manisia so EPA ya wala ray alternatibon makagunggona ed teknikal tan ekonomya diad tindaan…
[A] Saray alternatibo ed methylene chloride ya ag-abidbir ya katulongan ed panagproseso. Say EPA et onkekerew na impormasyon nipaakar ed saray posiblin alternatibo ed saray tulong ed panagproseso na methylene chloride nipaakar ed saray iproproponin opsyon ed panangontrol ed silong na sayan Kasunduan.
Say kakulangan na saray naimano ya alternatibo ya nayarin usaren bilang adjunct et sakey a posiblin problema. Say EPA et mangidedeskribe ed saray kondisyon na pangusar bilang:
Say industrial o komersyal ya pangusar na dichloromethane pian napaaligwas so performance na sakey a proseso odino kagawaan ed proseso, odino no say dichloromethane et iyarum ed sakey a proseso odino ed sakey a substansia odino laok ya tratoen pian nauman odino na-buffer so pH na substansia odino laok. Say panagtambal ya ahente et agmagmaliw a kabiangan na produkto na reaksion tan agmakaapekto ed kimey na resultan substansia odino artikulo.
Say dichloromethane et uusaren bilang “process additive” tan uusaren bilang heat transfer medium ed saray saradon sistema. Say iproproponin totontonen et mangisebel met ed sayan pangusar na dichloromethane anggaman abeba so posibilidad ya nabantag. Balet, inyarum na preamble:
Say EPA et kinmerew na komento no panon karakel so arum ya organisasyon ya manguusar na methylene chloride bilang tulong ed panagproseso ya ontumbok ed iproproponin kakaukolanen na WCPP parad methylene chloride. No pigaran organisasyon so makapangipatnag panamegley na kombinasyon na datos na panagbantay tan saray deskripsion na proseso ya say pantultuloy ya pangusar na methylene chloride et ag mangiiter na ag manepeg a peligro ed saray trabahador, ikumpirma na EPA so inkamabulos ton manggawa na regulasyon ya saray kondisyon [alimbawa, say pangusar bilang heat transfer medium] odino saray inkalapagan a kondisyon na pangusar [bilang sakey a tulong ed panagproseso] et nayarin mantultuloy unong ed WCPP…
Kanian, saray kompanya ya manguusar na methylene chloride ed saray aplikasyon ya abeba so epekto to, singa saray heat transfer fluids, et walay opsyon dan kerewen ed EPA ya umanen so iproproponin pananebel ed ontan ya pangusar pian nakaukolan so pangiyaplika na WCPP—basta nipanengneng da ed EPA ya sarag dan unoren iray kakaukolanen na WCCP ya pantongtongan ed leksab. Inkuan met na Environmental Protection Agency:
No say EPA et agmakapangibiig na antokaman ya alternatibo ed sayan kondisyon na pangusar tan agmakapangiter na kaaruman ya impormasyon pian nadetermina na EPA ya say WCPP et mamaandi ed agmakatunongan a peligro, Manepeg a Disposisyon.
Say Section 6(d) et mankaukolan ed EPA ya kaukolan so panumbok ed sankasakbayan a paraan, balet ag onlampas ed 5 taon kayari na impaway na unor a totontonen. Diad arum a salita, say ontan ya pangusar et nayarin kualipikado parad pamalaknab na panaon na panumbok.
Parad samploran kondisyon na pangusar ya akalista ed leksab, kaiba lay produksyon tan panagproseso pian makapawala na HFC-32, panag-recycle tan panag-dispose, say EPA so angiproponi na Workplace Exposure Controls (salanti, WCPP) bilang alternatibo ed pananebel. Saray paraan na panangontrol et kaiba iray kakaukolanen parad limitasyon na pakabantag, kontroladon lugar, panagbantay ed pakabantag (kaiba lay balon kakaukolanen ed panagbantay unong ed maong ya kagagawa ed laboratoryo), saray kagagawa ed panumbok, proteksion ed panag-ehersisyo, proteksion ed baog, tan edukasyon. Sarayan totontonen et ontutulong ed OSHA methylene chloride standard 29 CFR § 1910.1052, balet ta manunan nibase ed satan ya estandarte ya walay sakey ya importantin pananguman.
Saray estandarte na OSHA (ya inadapta nen 1997) et walaan na Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) ya 25 ppm (8-oras ya time-weighted average (TWA)) tan Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) ya 125 ppm (15-minute TWA). No ikompara, say kaplesan ya TSCA Chemical Exposure Limit (ECEL) et 2 ppm (8 oras TWA) tan say STEL et 16 ppm (15 minuton TWA). Kanian say ECEL et 8% labat na OSHA PEL tan say EPA STEL et 12.8% na OSHA STEL. Saray lebel na kontrol et nepeg ya usaren unong ed ECEL tan STEL, ya saray teknikal a kontrol so unonan prayuridad tan say pangusar na personal protective equipment so unor a paraan.
Kabaliksan na saya ya saray indibidual ya makasumpal ed saray kakaukolanen na OSHA et nayarin ag makasumpal ed nirekomendan ECEL tan STEL. Say panduaruwa ed pakayarin makaabot ed sarayan limitasyon na exposure et sakey a sengegan ya sengegan na impangibawal na EPA ed maslak ya industrial tan komersyal ya pangusar na methylene chloride tan saray produkton walay methylene chloride.
Nilikud ed saray akalista ya uusaren ed panaggawa tan panagproseso, saray probisyon na WCPP et onaplika met ed pangibantak tan panagproseso na methylene chloride tan saray produkton walay methylene chloride. Lapud saya, saray kompanya na basura tan saray manag-recycle ya nayarin ag da amta iray kakaukolanen na TSCA et kaukolan ya onlampas ed saray estandarte na OSHA.
Lapud kalaknab na iproproponin pananebel tan say bilang na saray industriya na manguusar ya nayarin naapektoan, saray komento ed sayan iproproponin totontonen et nayarin mas importante nen say kaslakan. Saray komento et iter ed EPA no Hulyo 3, 2023. Irerekomenda na Preamble ya saray organisasyon et mangiter na komento nipaakar ed saray kakaukolanen ed papeles ya direkta ed OMB no Hunyo 2, 2023.
Antis ya mankomento, saray kompanya tan asosasyon na negosyo (manlapud panmoria na saray membro ra) et nayarin labay dan ikonsidera iray onggendan:
Nayarin labay na saray komentarista ya idetalye so pangusar da na methylene chloride, saray kontrol da ed engineering pian nalimitaan so exposure, say kaplesan ya OSHA methylene chloride compliance program, saray resulta na industrial hygiene monitoring na methylene chloride (tan no panon itan ya ikompara ed ECEL vs. STEL ya panangikompara). ; saray teknikal a problema ya misiglaotan ed pakabidbiran odino pangiyalis ed alternatibo ed methylene chloride parad pangusar da; say petsa no kapigan ira makasaliw ed sananey a paraan (no posible); tan say kaimportantian na pangusar da na methylene chloride.
Saray ontan ya komento et nayarin manuporta ed pamalaknab na panaon na panumbok ed pangusar ed satan, odino say kakaukolanen na EPA ya ibulos so pigaran pangusar na methylene chloride manlapud pananebel unong ed Section 6(g) na TSCA. Say Section 6(g)(1) et mangibabaga:
No nanengneng na administrador ya...
(A) saray nibaga ya usar et kritikal odino makanakana iran usar ya anggapoy teknikal tan ekonomikal ya mas maligen ya alternatibo, ya ikonsidera iray peligro tan epekto;
(B) say panumbok ed sakey a kakaukolanen ya onaplika ed espisipikon kondisyon na pangusar et posiblin seryoson makaderal ed ekonomya na bansa, seguridad na bansa, odino importantin imprastraktura; odino
(C) Saray nibaga ya kondisyon na pangusar ed kemikal odino laok et mangiter na baleg a benepisyo ed bunigas, kaliberliber odino kaligenan na publiko no ikompara ed saray makatunongan ya alternatibo.
Ilaktip iray kondisyon, kaiba lay makatunongan a panag-record, panag-monitor tan panagreport, anggad nadetermina na Administrator ya sarayan kondisyon et nakaukolan pian naprotektaan so bunigas tan kaliberliber legan ya nasusumpal so gagala na exemption.
Ibabaga na preamble ya ikonsidera na EPA ya itunda so Section 6(g) no anggapoy alternatibo tan ag nagawaan so pakasumpal ed saray kakaukolanen na WCPP:
Diad kasunian, no say EPA et ag makadetermina na alternatibo parad sayan kondisyon na pangusar [bilang heat transfer medium] tan, base ed balon impormasyon, nadetermina na EPA ya say pangisebel ed pangusar et seryoson mangapekta ed seguridad na bansa odino ed kritikal ya imprastraktura, say Ahensya Say EPA et manrepaso ed TSCA Section 6(g) ya exemption.
Saray komentarista et nayarin mangibaga no kasin sarag dan sumpalen iray kakaukolanen na WCPP, tan no andi, no anto ray limiting exposure requirements ya sarag dan sumpalen.
Disclaimer: Lapud inkalapagan ya inkagawa na sayan update, say impormasyon ya inter dia et nayarin ag-onaplika ed amin a situasyon, tan ag-itan nepeg ya gawaen no anggapoy espisipikon legal ya simbawa base ed partikular a situasyon yo.
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